In a world where inequality and poverty still exist despite global economic progress, governments and thinkers are continuously exploring solutions to create a fairer society. One of the bold and wide
In a world where inequality and poverty still exist despite global economic progress, governments and thinkers are continuously exploring solutions to create a fairer society. One of the bold and widely discussed ideas in recent years is the UBI Scheme, also known as Universal Basic Income.
This article will explain what the UBI Scheme is, how it works, its pros and cons, and most importantly, how people can access it if and when it becomes available in their region.
UBI stands for Universal Basic Income. It is a type of social welfare program where the government gives a fixed amount of money to every citizen, regardless of employment status, income level, or wealth.
This money is usually given monthly and is meant to cover basic needs like food, shelter, and healthcare. The idea is to give people a financial safety net so that no one falls into extreme poverty.
Unconditional – No need to prove income or job status.
Universal – Every adult citizen receives it.
Regular – Paid on a consistent (usually monthly) basis.
Cash Payment – Given in the form of money, not goods or services.
The idea of Universal Basic Income is not new. It has been discussed for decades by economists, philosophers, and politicians. But in recent years, it has gained attention because of:
Rising unemployment due to automation and AI
Economic inequality growing across the world
Pandemics and disasters that impact people's ability to work
The gig economy, where job security is low
Simplifying welfare systems by replacing many schemes with a single payout
UBI is seen as a way to protect people from falling through the cracks of the economy and give everyone a fair chance at survival and success.
UBI has been tested in various countries through pilot programs and experiments. Some notable examples include:
2,000 unemployed people received €560 per month for two years. It helped reduce stress and improved well-being, although it didn’t significantly increase employment.
India tested UBI in Madhya Pradesh through a basic income project. Results showed improvement in health, school attendance, and financial independence. India’s Economic Survey in 2016–17 also discussed the idea of a nationwide UBI.
Some U.S. cities like Stockton, California, have experimented with guaranteed income for low-income residents. Results showed better job stability and mental health.
NGO GiveDirectly is running the world’s longest UBI experiment in rural Kenya, offering monthly payments to thousands of people for 12 years.
These trials help understand whether UBI is effective and how it impacts society.
UBI offers several advantages that make it appealing to both individuals and policymakers:
UBI ensures that everyone has some minimum level of income, helping lift people out of poverty.
People can use the money as they see fit – for education, starting a business, or caring for family – rather than being forced into unsuitable jobs.
Financial stress is one of the biggest causes of anxiety. UBI reduces that stress, leading to better mental well-being.
With a financial cushion, people can pursue creative careers, freelance work, or entrepreneurship without fear of financial ruin.
Instead of managing multiple complicated schemes, UBI offers a single, universal payment system.
While the concept is attractive, it also comes with potential downsides:
Providing money to all citizens can be very expensive. It may require higher taxes or cuts in other services.
Critics say free money may reduce the motivation to work, especially for lower-income jobs.
If everyone has more money, prices for basic goods and services could go up.
There’s a fear that some people might spend the money on alcohol, gambling, or other unproductive activities.
As of now, UBI is not fully implemented in most countries, but if and when it is, here’s how people might be able to access it:
Citizens will likely need to register through a government portal or app using a valid ID, Aadhaar (in India), or social security number (in the U.S.).
Once identity is verified, bank details would be linked to transfer the funds.
The government would transfer a fixed amount directly to your account every month, without needing to apply again.
Some programs may offer financial education or support to ensure the money is used effectively.
India has a large population and budget constraints, making full UBI difficult. However, some partial UBI or targeted income support programs may be introduced in the future.
Schemes like PM-KISAN (₹6,000 annually to farmers) are considered steps toward a basic income model.
If implemented on a wider scale, the process would likely include:
Linking Aadhaar for identification
Direct benefit transfer (DBT) into Jan Dhan accounts
Priority to low-income and marginalized groups
If you believe in a more equal and just society, UBI may seem like a good idea. However, like any policy, it should be implemented carefully with proper planning, pilot programs, and financial safeguards.
UBI is not just about free money—it’s about dignity, security, and giving people a fair starting point in life.
The Universal Basic Income (UBI) Scheme is one of the most talked-about policy ideas in the 21st century. While not yet a global reality, it has shown promise in improving lives wherever it has been tested.
As countries prepare for automation, job shifts, and economic uncertainties, UBI could be part of the solution for a fair and balanced future. If you want to benefit from UBI, stay informed, follow government updates, and be ready when it's introduced.
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